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    <h1 class="post_title">SpringDataJPA</h1><div class="post_meta">
  
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      Oct 6, 2020</span>
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    <h2>Overview</h2>
    <nav id="TableOfContents">
  <ul>
    <li><a href="#jpa-概述">JPA 概述</a></li>
    <li><a href="#helloworld">HelloWorld</a>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#spring-整合">Spring 整合</a></li>
        <li><a href="#sping-boot-整合-jpa">Sping Boot 整合 JPA</a></li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="#jpa--详解">JPA  详解</a></li>
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    <h2 id="jpa-概述">JPA 概述</h2>
<p>回顾 JDBC:</p>
<p>一个规范数据库访问的接口规范, 由各个数据库厂商自己实现(JDBC数据库驱动), 对于开发人员而言, 不在关心各个数据库的差异, 只要调用通用的JDBC API 即可, JDBC可以视为统一不同数据库的更高一层的抽象. 开发人员与JDBC打交道, JDBC负责处理底层的操作不同数据库</p>
<p>JPA:</p>
<p>Java Persistence API</p>
<p>JPA 规范</p>
<p>用于对象持久化的API</p>
<p>JAVA EE 5.0 平台标准的 ORM 规范, 使得应用程序以统一的方式访问持久层</p>
<p>Hibernate 就包括了 JPA 的实现, JPA 实现是 Hibernate 功能的一个子集</p>
<p>实际上, JPA 的始作俑者就是 Hibernate 的作者</p>
<p>其他实现: OpenJPA, TopLink</p>
<p>JPA 包括3方面的技术:</p>
<ul>
<li>ORM 映射元数据</li>
<li>JPA 的 API</li>
<li>查询语言(JPQL)</li>
</ul>
<p>Spring Data JPA</p>
<p>通过规范方法的名字, 根据符合规范的名字来确定方法需要实现什么样的逻辑</p>
<p>可以理解为: 编写规范的方法名就等价于写 SQL 语句</p>
<p>提供 @Entity、@Table、@Column、@Transient等注解</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/alexzshl/picbed/raw/master/20200521154220875.png" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<h2 id="helloworld">HelloWorld</h2>
<h3 id="spring-整合">Spring 整合</h3>
<p>pom.xml</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml"><span style="color:#75715e">&lt;?xml version=&#34;1.0&#34; encoding=&#34;UTF-8&#34;?&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;project</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&#34;</span>
         <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns:xsi=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&#34;</span>
         <span style="color:#a6e22e">xsi:schemaLocation=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;modelVersion&gt;</span>4.0.0<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/modelVersion&gt;</span>

    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>com.alex<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>learn-spring-springdatajpa<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>1.0-SNAPSHOT<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;packaging&gt;</span>war<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/packaging&gt;</span>

    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;properties&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;maven.compiler.source&gt;</span>8<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/maven.compiler.source&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;maven.compiler.target&gt;</span>8<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/maven.compiler.target&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/properties&gt;</span>

    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependencies&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-webmvc<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.2.12.RELEASE<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-orm<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.2.12.RELEASE<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework.data<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-data-jpa<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>2.3.7.RELEASE<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;groupId&gt;org.hibernate&lt;/groupId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;artifactId&gt;hibernate-core&lt;/artifactId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;version&gt;5.4.28.Final&lt;/version&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;/dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.hibernate<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>hibernate-entitymanager<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.4.28.Final<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.hibernate<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>hibernate-c3p0<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.4.28.Final<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-aspects<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.2.12.RELEASE<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>aopalliance<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>aopalliance<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>1.0<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>cglib<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>cglib<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>2.2.2<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>commons-logging<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>commons-logging<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>1.2<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>com.alibaba<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>fastjson<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>1.2.75<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>mysql<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>mysql-connector-java<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.1.47<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;groupId&gt;com.mchange&lt;/groupId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;artifactId&gt;c3p0&lt;/artifactId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;version&gt;0.9.5.5&lt;/version&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;/dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>

        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-test<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>5.2.12.RELEASE<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>junit<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>junit<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>4.12<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;scope&gt;</span>test<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/scope&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.projectlombok<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>lombok<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>1.18.16<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.logging.log4j&lt;/groupId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;artifactId&gt;log4j-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;version&gt;2.14.0&lt;/version&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;/dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.logging.log4j&lt;/groupId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;artifactId&gt;log4j-core&lt;/artifactId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;version&gt;2.14.0&lt;/version&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;/dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.logging.log4j<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>log4j-slf4j-impl<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;version&gt;</span>2.14.0<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;artifactId&gt;slf4j-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--            &lt;version&gt;1.7.25&lt;/version&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;/dependency&gt;--&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependencies&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/project&gt;</span>

</code></pre></div><p>dp.properties</p>
<pre><code class="language-properti" data-lang="properti">jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa?useSSL=false
</code></pre><p>spring.xml</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml"><span style="color:#75715e">&lt;?xml version=&#34;1.0&#34; encoding=&#34;UTF-8&#34;?&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;beans</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans&#34;</span>
       <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns:xsi=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&#34;</span>
       <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns:context=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/context&#34;</span>
       <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns:tx=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx&#34;</span>
       <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns:mvc=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc&#34;</span>
       <span style="color:#a6e22e">xmlns:jpa=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa&#34;</span>
       <span style="color:#a6e22e">xsi:schemaLocation=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa https://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>

    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;context:component-scan</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">base-package=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;com.alex&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">/&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    &lt;mvc:annotation-driven/&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    &lt;mvc:default-servlet-handler/&gt;--&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    &lt;bean class=&#34;org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver&#34; id=&#34;internalResourceViewResolver&#34;&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;property name=&#34;prefix&#34; value=&#34;/WEB-INF/pages/&#34;&gt;&lt;/property&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--        &lt;property name=&#34;suffix&#34; value=&#34;.jsp&#34;&gt;&lt;/property&gt;--&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    &lt;/bean&gt;--&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    1. 配置数据源--&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;context:property-placeholder</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">location=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;classpath:db.properties&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">/&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;bean</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">id=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;dataSource&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">class=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;user&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">value=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;${jdbc.username}&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/property&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;password&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">value=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;${jdbc.password}&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/property&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;driverClass&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">value=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;${jdbc.driver}&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/property&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;jdbcUrl&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">value=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;${jdbc.url}&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/property&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/bean&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    2. 配置 entityManagerFactory--&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;bean</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">id=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;entityManagerFactory&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">class=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;dataSource&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">ref=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;dataSource&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/property&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;jpaVendorAdapter&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;bean</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">class=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/bean&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/property&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;packagesToScan&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">value=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;com.alex.springdata&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">/&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;jpaProperties&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;props&gt;</span>
                <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;prop</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">key=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/prop&gt;</span>
                <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;prop</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">key=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;hibernate.dialect&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/prop&gt;</span>
                <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;prop</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">key=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;hibernate.show_sql&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>true<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/prop&gt;</span>
                <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;prop</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">key=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;hibernate.format_sql&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>true<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/prop&gt;</span>
                <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;prop</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">key=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>update<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/prop&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/props&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/property&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/bean&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    3. 配置 事务管理器--&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;bean</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">id=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;transactionManager&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">class=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;property</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">name=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;entityManagerFactory&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">ref=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;entityManagerFactory&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&lt;/property&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/bean&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    4. 配置 开启事务注解支持--&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;tx:annotation-driven</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">transaction-manager=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;transactionManager&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">/&gt;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">&lt;!--    5. 配置 spring data jpa--&gt;</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;jpa:repositories</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">base-package=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;com.alex.springdata.repository&#34;</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">entity-manager-factory-ref=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;entityManagerFactory&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">/&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/beans&gt;</span>

</code></pre></div><p>Person.java</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.AllArgsConstructor<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.Data<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.NoArgsConstructor<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.experimental.Accessors<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> javax.persistence.*<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> java.util.Date<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Data</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@NoArgsConstructor</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@AllArgsConstructor</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Accessors</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>chain <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span><span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Entity</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Table</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>name <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;person&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">public</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">Person</span> <span style="color:#f92672">{</span>
    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Id</span>
    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@GeneratedValue</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> Integer id<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Column</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>name <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;last_name&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> String lastName<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> String email<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> Date birth<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>PersonRepository.java</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> com.alex.springdata.entity.Person<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> org.springframework.data.repository.Repository<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> java.util.List<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#75715e">//@RepositoryDefinition(domainClass = Person.class, idClass = Integer.class)
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">public</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">interface</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">PersonRepository</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> Repository<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Person<span style="color:#f92672">,</span> Integer<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">{</span>

    Person <span style="color:#a6e22e">getById</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>Integer id<span style="color:#f92672">);</span>

    Person <span style="color:#a6e22e">getByLastName</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>String lastName<span style="color:#f92672">);</span>

</code></pre></div><h3 id="sping-boot-整合-jpa">Sping Boot 整合 JPA</h3>
<p>依赖: <code>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</code></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-XML" data-lang="XML">        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
            <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
        <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>

</code></pre></div><p>编写实体类</p>
<p>如果是数据库已经存在,可以借助于某些工具来逆向生成实体类代码(JPA格式)</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.AllArgsConstructor<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.Data<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.NoArgsConstructor<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.experimental.Accessors<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> javax.persistence.*<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Entity</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Table</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>name <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;jpa_user&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Data</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@NoArgsConstructor</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@AllArgsConstructor</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Accessors</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>chain <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span><span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">public</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">User</span> <span style="color:#f92672">{</span>
    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Id</span>
    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@GeneratedValue</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>strategy <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> GenerationType<span style="color:#f92672">.</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">IDENTITY</span><span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> Integer id<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> String username<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Column</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> String password<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Column</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>name <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;last_name&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">,</span> length <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> 30<span style="color:#f92672">)</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">private</span> String lastName<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>必要的配置文件(对应于 spring 的配置文件, 但是更简练)</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yml" data-lang="yml"><span style="color:#f92672">spring</span>:
  <span style="color:#f92672">datasource</span>:
    <span style="color:#f92672">type</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">driver-class-name</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">url</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">username</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">root</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">password</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">123</span>
  <span style="color:#f92672">jpa</span>:
<span style="color:#75715e">#    database: mysql</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">hibernate</span>:
      <span style="color:#f92672">ddl-auto</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">update</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">show-sql</span>: <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>
</code></pre></div><p>声明 Repository:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> com.alex.jpa.entity.User<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#66d9ef">public</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">interface</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">UserRepository</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> JpaRepository<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>User<span style="color:#f92672">,</span> Integer<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">{</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>测试:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> com.alex.jpa.entity.User<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> com.alex.jpa.repository.UserRepository<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> org.junit.jupiter.api.Test<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

<span style="color:#a6e22e">@SpringBootTest</span>
<span style="color:#a6e22e">@Slf4j</span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">LearnSpringbootSpringdatajpaApplicationTests</span> <span style="color:#f92672">{</span>

    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Autowired</span>
    UserRepository repository<span style="color:#f92672">;</span>

    <span style="color:#a6e22e">@Test</span>
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">void</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">contextLoads</span><span style="color:#f92672">()</span> <span style="color:#f92672">{</span>
        repository<span style="color:#f92672">.</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">save</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">new</span> User<span style="color:#f92672">().</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">setUsername</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;alex&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">));</span>

        System<span style="color:#f92672">.</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">out</span><span style="color:#f92672">.</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">println</span><span style="color:#f92672">(</span>repository<span style="color:#f92672">.</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">findAll</span><span style="color:#f92672">().</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">size</span><span style="color:#f92672">());</span>
    <span style="color:#f92672">}</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="jpa--详解">JPA  详解</h2>
<p>Repository: 仅仅是一个标识, 表明任何继承他的接口均为仓库接口类</p>
<p>CrudRepository: 继承自Repository, 由系统实现了一组CRUD相关的基础方法</p>
<p>PagingAndSortingRepository: 继承自CrudRepository, 实现了一组分页排序相关的方法</p>
<p>JpaRepository: 继承自PagingAndSortingRepository, 实现了一组 JPA规范相关的方法</p>
<p>自定义的 XxxxRepository: 可以自己继承 JpaRepository, 这样的 XxxxRepository接口(实际bean为系统自动代理的实现类)就具备了通用的数据访问控制层的能力</p>
<p>JpaSpecificationExcutor: 不属于 Repository 体系,实现一组 JPA Criteria 查询相关的方法</p>
<p>Spring Data 规范:</p>
<p>查询方法以 find | read | get 开头, 条件查询用条件关键字连接</p>
<p>findByLastNameAndFirstName(String lastName, String firstName)</p>
<p>注意条件要和方法参数一一对应</p>
<p>条件关键字:</p>
<p>And</p>
<p>Or</p>
<p>Between</p>
<p>LessThan</p>
<p>GreaterThan</p>
<p>After</p>
<p>Before</p>
<p>IsNull</p>
<p>IsNotNull, NotNull</p>
<p>Like</p>
<p>NotLike</p>
<p>StartingWith</p>
<p>EndingWith</p>
<p>Containing</p>
<p>OrderBy</p>
<p>Not</p>
<p>In</p>
<p>NotIn</p>
<p>TRUE</p>
<p>FALSE</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/alexzshl/picbed/raw/master/image-20210302134238763.png" alt="image-20210302134238763"></p>
<p>使用方法关键字如果涉及到复杂的条件用起来比较难受, 而且不够灵活, 这时可以使用 @Query 注解编写 JPQL 语句</p>
<p>@Query 注解</p>

    
      
    
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